Global Radiology Workforce and Supply - the Challenge in Lower and Middle Income Countries

Purpose. The aim of the study is to compare the number of radiologists among various countries globally, including lower and middle income countries (LMIC), and to evaluate different strategies to improve both Radiologist numbers and effectiveness in countries with low Radiologist availability.

Methods: Literature and data in the public domain obtained for Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries, as well as for LMIC via local Radiologist professional organizations, WHO and UN databases.

This study collected and analyzed the number of diagnostic radiologists and physicians, computer tomography/magnetic resonance (CT/MR) units, CT/MR examinations and workload of radiologists.

Results: There is a marked imbalance in Radiologist supply in terms of practitioners per capita between OECD countries and those of the LMIC group. This results in poor access to essential imaging services, high levels of workload and stress for the existing Radiologists.

A possible method to improve access to essential imaging and Radiology services would be the training and supply of substitute health workers, or Radiologist Assistants (RAs), to assist Radiologists in their work, as well as to carry out routine tasks under direct supervision, including patient management, assessment, and basic invasive procedures under imaging.

Conclusion: The marked imbalance in Radiologist supply in LMIC is an important issue that limits delivery of effective medical services. A possible way forward may the use of Radiologist Assistants as “force multipliers” for Radiologists to extend their effectiveness and improve access.