The North American perspective

Background: According to the most recent US Census in 2000, 4.8 million people, or 1.6 percent of the total U.S. population, reported that they were American Indian, Alaska Native, or Native Hawaiian. The Indigenous people of the United States have a rich and diverse history and culture, but sadly face the worst health statistics in the country. Health status for indigenous children is alarming and devastating.
Challenge: Health information is essential to effectively address and eliminate current health disparities. Limited or inaccurate health population data is a core problem for Indigenous communities in the recognition for the need to create culturally appropriate health programs, identify areas of need, or advocate on behalf of the population.
Indigenous Community Based Solutions: Indigenous communities of the U.S. are taking a lead in building internal capacity and control over health data for the purposes of developing programs and informing policy. An example of successful strategies employed in the U.S. Indigenous communities are the creation and establishment of the Tribal Epidemiology Centers. Tribal Epidemiology Centers are community or Tribal base organizations that plan, coordinate, and perform essential public health services necessary to address the health deficiencies facing AIAN. In 2009, the Native Hawaiian community will announce the establishment of it own Indigenous Epidemiology Center.

Policy Recommendations: Effectively addressing the health and wellness of the U.S. Indigenous populations demands a greater accountability and sound planning and development. At the core of this effort is consistent, standardized data collection and management that addresses all factors that affect Indigenous health. Indigenous epidemiology centers manage public health information systems, investigate diseases of concern, manage disease prevention programs, and coordinate activities with other public health authorities.