Friday, April 27, 2012: 14:00-15:30
F: Wangari Maathai Hall (Millennium Hall)
Moderators:
Rhonda Small, La Trobe Unversity, Australia
,
Mika Gissler, THL National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
and
Mesganaw F. Fantahun, Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Ethiopia
The objective of the session is to present results of recent reviews of literature published over 10 years on maternal outcomes (such as mortality and morbidity), perinatal outcomes (such as prematurity, low-birth weight and perinatal/infant mortality) and care during pregnancy and childbirth (such as Caesarean sections, prenatal care and mother’s birth experiences) in western industrialised countries. Also results of national, regional and local studies on perinatal health among migrant women in Canada, England and Wales, and the United States will be shown. The systematic review on migrant perinatal health has shown that migrant women have increased risk for reproductive health disparities. Meta-analyses have found that Asian, Northern African, and sub-Saharan African migrants are at greater risk for stillbirth and infant mortality than the receiving populations. Asian and sub-Saharan African migrants are at greater risk of preterm birth, while Latin American and Northern African migrants tend toward decreased risks of preterm birth and low birth weight. The disparities do not, however, apply for all migrant groups in all countries. Risk for adverse outcomes may vary by receiving country for women from the same country of origin, as shown by the study on migrant Somali parturients in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Comparable analyses are challenged by the fact that definitions on migrants vary by country. Therefore, a formal Delphi process with a panel of international experts in perinatal health and health information systems was carried out to reach consensus on indicators of migration to be included in routine collection of perinatal health data. These recommendations constitute a first step towards this goal, but require validation for feasibility. Further development of the methodological framework for conducting comparative international studies with routine data is also necessary. Studies on migrant health show that there are also substantial variations in the causes for disparities in perinatal health, as well as in approaches to reduce them. The conclusions of the studies that will be presented in the session suggest that successful policy initiatives to mitigate migrant health disparities require consideration of health needs within specific migrant groups. Better research on the reasons that migrant women’s perinatal outcome and experiences differ by source and receiving countries, in particular because equity in health care or policies may play a mediating role in the generation of these outcomes.