Primary School As a Setting for the Promotion of Healthy Eating? Results From Abu Dhabi

Background Schools can play a critical role in tackling the obesity epidemic and preventing chronic diseases by providing students and staff with an environment that fosters healthy eating habits. In this study, we report on an assessment of the capacity of primary schools in the Emirate of Abu-Dhabi (UAE) in providing an environment conducive to healthy eating. Features of the schools’ physical, programmatic and regulatory environments were examined; and barriers to healthy eating at schools documented. Methods A survey covering both healthy eating and physical activity was developed and sent to all primary school principals (N=304). The survey was based on a thorough review of the literature. Face-to-face interviews with principals (n=10) were also conducted to identify local specificities. In addition to information on the student population, the healthy eating part of the questionnaires documented the: facilities; school food policies; school programs; and barriers impeding schools to be more health promoting. Results 104 (34.2%) completed surveys were returned (41.3% governmental; 58.7% private schools). Although the sale of certain foods of low nutritional value is banned in Abu Dhabi schools, schools offer very few healthy food choices. Various types of activities to promote healthy eating habits were reported, most commonly the distribution of educational documents. No significant associations in schools’ health promoting features were observed across school types (governmental/private). Most cited barriers affecting schools’ ability to promote healthy eating habits include a lack of eating facilities; lack of knowledge of staff/family/students regarding healthy eating habits; and lack of parent interest. Conclusion Our results show that primary schools in Abu Dhabi are promoting healthy eating among their students and staff. However, their capacity is impeded by important barriers that need to be addressed. We conclude by providing recommendations that could potentially strengthen the capacity of schools in advocating for healthy eating environments.